AppleWin/source/frontends/sa2/README.md

# SA2: Apple ][ Emulator for Linux based on SDL2

This file only lists options not already described in ``-h``.

There is no GUI to configure the emulator: either manually edit the configuration file ``applen.conf`` in the current folder or use ``qapple`` and run ``sa2 --qt-ini``.
The format of the configuration file is the same as the Windows Registry of AppleWin.

On a Raspberry Pi, one needs the KMS (fake or not). Better performance has been observed with the ``opengles2`` driver (use ``sa2 --sdl-driver 1``).

It is possible to run the CPU in a separate thread to keep the emulator running in real time (necessary for slower Pis, with some Apple video types and bigger window sizes):
- ``sa2 -m``
- optionally add ``-l``

If you have a modern gamepad where the axes (``LEFTX`` and ``LEFTY``) move in a circle, the emulator will automatically map to a square: use ``--no-squaring`` to avoid this.

Speech / phonemes are known to hang the emulator.

## Hotkeys

``F2``, ``F5``, ``F6`` and ``F9`` have the same meaning as in AppleWin.

Left ALT and Right ALT emulate the Open and Solid Apple key.

## Audio

Audio works reasonably well, using AppleWin adaptive algorithm.

Use ``F1`` during emulation to have an idea of the size of the audio queue

```
Channels: 1, buffer: 32768, SDL:  8804, queue: 0.47 s
Channels: 2, buffer: 45000, SDL: 65536, queue: 0.63 s
```
(1) is the speaker, (2) the Mockingboard.

## Speed diagnostic

At the end of the run, it will print stats about timings:
```
Video refresh rate: 60 Hz, 16.67 ms
Global:  [. .], total =    7789.16 ms, mean =    7789.16 ms, std =       0.00 ms, n =      1
Events:  [0 M], total =      22.42 ms, mean =       0.05 ms, std =       0.17 ms, n =    471
Texture: [0 M], total =     113.32 ms, mean =       0.24 ms, std =       0.06 ms, n =    471
Screen:  [0 .], total =    7624.87 ms, mean =      16.19 ms, std =       1.66 ms, n =    471
CPU:     [1 M], total =     647.21 ms, mean =       1.34 ms, std =       0.48 ms, n =    484
Expected clock: 1020484.45 Hz, 7.74 s
Actual clock:   1014560.11 Hz, 7.79 s
```

The meaning of ``[0 M]`` is: 0/1 which thread and ``M`` if it is in the mutex protected area.

- ``events``: SDL events and audio
- ``texture``: ``SDL_UpdateTexture``
- ``screen``: ``SDL_RenderCopyEx`` and ``SDL_RenderPresent`` (this includes ``vsync``)
- ``cpu``: AW's code

They do not include time spent in locking.

The clock shows expected vs actual speed.