#include "frontends/ncurses/asciiart.h"

#include <cfloat>
#include <memory>

ASCIIArt::Unicode::Unicode(const char * aC, Blocks aValues)
  : c(aC), values(aValues)
{
}

const int ASCIIArt::PPQ = 8 * (2 * 7) / 4;

ASCIIArt::ASCIIArt() : myRows(0), myColumns(0)
{
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u2580", {PPQ, PPQ,   0,   0}));  // top half
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u258C", {PPQ,   0, PPQ,   0}));  // left half
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u2596", {  0,   0, PPQ,   0}));  // lower left
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u2597", {  0,   0,   0, PPQ}));  // lower right
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u2598", {PPQ,   0,   0,   0}));  // top left
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u259A", {PPQ,   0,   0, PPQ}));  // diagonal
  myGlyphs.push_back(Unicode("\u259D", {  0, PPQ,   0,   0}));  // top right

  myBlocks.resize(128);

  init(1, 1); // normal size
}

void ASCIIArt::init(const int rows, const int columns)
{
  if (myRows != rows || myColumns != columns)
  {
    if (myColumns != columns)
    {
      myColumns = columns;
      for (size_t i = 0; i < myBlocks.size(); ++i)
      {
	myBlocks[i] = decodeByte(i);
      }
    }

    myRows = rows;

    myValues.resize(boost::extents[myRows][myColumns]);
    myChars.resize(boost::extents[rows][columns]);
  }
}

void ASCIIArt::changeColumns(const int x)
{
  int newColumns = myColumns + x;
  newColumns = std::max(1, std::min(7, newColumns));
  init(myRows, newColumns);
}

void ASCIIArt::changeRows(const int x)
{
  int newRows = x > 0 ? myRows * 2 : myRows / 2;
  newRows = std::max(1, std::min(4, newRows));
  init(newRows, myColumns);
}

const ASCIIArt::array_char_t & ASCIIArt::getCharacters(const unsigned char * address)
{
  const array_val_t & values = getQuadrantValues(address);
  return getCharacters(values);
}

const ASCIIArt::array_val_t & ASCIIArt::getQuadrantValues(const unsigned char * address) const
{
  std::fill(myValues.origin(), myValues.origin() + myValues.num_elements(), 0);

  const int linesPerRow = 8 / myRows;
  const int linesPerQuadrant = linesPerRow / 2;

  // 8 lines per text character
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
  {
    const int offset = 0x0400 * i;
    // group color bit is ignored
    const unsigned char value = (*(address + offset)) & 0x7f;

    const int row = i / linesPerRow;
    const int lineInRow = i % linesPerRow;
    const int quadrant = lineInRow / linesPerQuadrant;
    const int base = quadrant * 2;

    const std::vector<Blocks> & decoded = myBlocks[value];

    for (size_t col = 0; col < myColumns; ++col)
    {
      Blocks & blocks = myValues[row][col];
      blocks.add(base + 0, decoded[col][0] * myRows);
      blocks.add(base + 1, decoded[col][1] * myRows);
    }
  }

  return myValues;
}

std::vector<Blocks> ASCIIArt::decodeByte(const unsigned char value) const
{
  const int each = myColumns * 4 * PPQ / (8 * 7);

  int available = 7;
  int col = 0;
  int pos = 0; // left right

  std::vector<Blocks> decoded(myColumns);

  for (size_t j = 0; j < 7; ++j)
  {
    int to_allocate = each;
    do
    {
      const int here = std::min(available, to_allocate);
      if (value & (1 << j))
      {
	decoded[col].add(pos, here);
      }
      to_allocate -= here;
      available -= here;
      if (available == 0)
      {
	// new quadrant
	available = 7;
	++pos;
	if (pos == 2)
	{
	  pos = 0;
	  ++col;
	}
      }
    }
    while (to_allocate > 0);
  }

  return decoded;
}

const ASCIIArt::array_char_t & ASCIIArt::getCharacters(const array_val_t & values)
{
  const int rows = values.shape()[0];
  const int columns = values.shape()[1];

  for (size_t i = 0; i < rows; ++i)
  {
    for (size_t j = 0; j < columns; ++j)
    {
      myChars[i][j] = getCharacter(values[i][j]);
    }
  }

  return myChars;
}


const ASCIIArt::Character & ASCIIArt::getCharacter(const Blocks & values)
{
  const int zip = values.value;

  const std::unordered_map<int, Character>::const_iterator it = myAsciiPixels.find(zip);
  if (it == myAsciiPixels.end())
  {
    Character & best = myAsciiPixels[zip];
    best.error = DBL_MAX;

    for (const Unicode & glyph: myGlyphs)
    {
      double foreground;
      double background;
      double error;
      fit(values, glyph, foreground, background, error);
      if (error < best.error)
      {
	best.error = error;
	best.foreground = foreground;
	best.background = background;
	best.c = glyph.c;
      }
    }

    return best;
  }
  else
  {
    return it->second;
  }

}

void ASCIIArt::fit(const Blocks & art, const Unicode & glyph,
		   double & foreground, double & background, double & error)
{
  int num_fg = 0;
  int num_bg = 0;
  int den_fg = 0;
  int den_bg = 0;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < art.size(); ++i)
  {
    const double f = glyph.values[i];
    const double b = PPQ - f;

    num_fg += art[i] * f;
    den_fg += f * f;

    num_bg += art[i] * b;
    den_bg += b * b;
  }

  // close formula to minimise the L2 norm of the difference
  // of grey intensity
  foreground = double(num_fg) / double(den_fg);
  background = double(num_bg) / double(den_bg);

  error = 0.0;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < art.size(); ++i)
  {
    const double f = glyph.values[i];
    const double b = PPQ - f;

    const double g = foreground * f + background * b;
    const double e = art[i] - g;
    error += e * e;
  }
}