Added nes.sgml and atmos.sgml contributed by Stefan Haubenthal.
git-svn-id: svn://svn.cc65.org/cc65/trunk@3539 b7a2c559-68d2-44c3-8de9-860c34a00d81
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parent
193e7df5fe
commit
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4 changed files with 418 additions and 0 deletions
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@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
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SGML = apple2.sgml \
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ar65.sgml \
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atari.sgml \
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atmos.sgml \
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c128.sgml \
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c16.sgml \
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c64.sgml \
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@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ SGML = apple2.sgml \
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ld65.sgml \
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library.sgml \
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lynx.sgml \
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nes.sgml \
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plus4.sgml \
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vic20.sgml
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228
doc/atmos.sgml
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228
doc/atmos.sgml
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<!doctype linuxdoc system>
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<article>
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<title>Oric Atmos specific information for cc65
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<author>Ullrich von Bassewitz, <htmlurl url="mailto:uz@cc65.org" name="uz@cc65.org">
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Stefan A. Haubenthal, <htmlurl url="mailto:polluks@sdf.lonestar.org" name="polluks@sdf.lonestar.org">
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<date>2005-07-17
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<abstract>
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An overview over the Atmos runtime system as it is implemented for the cc65 C
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compiler.
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</abstract>
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<!-- Table of contents -->
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<toc>
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<!-- Begin the document -->
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<sect>Overview<p>
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This file contains an overview of the Atmos runtime system as it comes with the
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cc65 C compiler. It describes the memory layout, Atmos specific header files,
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available drivers, and any pitfalls specific to that platform.
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Please note that Atmos specific functions are just mentioned here, they are
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described in detail in the separate <htmlurl url="funcref.html" name="function
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reference">. Even functions marked as "platform dependent" may be available on
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more than one platform. Please see the function reference for more
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information.
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<sect>Binary format<p>
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The standard binary output format generated by the linker for the Atmos target
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is a machine language program with a 14 byte tape header. The standard load
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and autostart address is $500.
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<sect>Memory layout<p>
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In the standard setup, cc65 generated programs use the memory from
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$500 to $9800, so nearly 37K of memory (including the stack) is
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available. ROM calls are possible without further precautions.
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Special locations:
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<descrip>
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<tag/Stack/
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The C runtime stack is located at $97FF and growing downwards.
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<tag/Heap/
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The C heap is located at the end of the program and grows towards the C
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runtime stack.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect>Platform specific header files<p>
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Programs containing Atmos specific code may use the <tt/atmos.h/ header file.
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<sect1>Hardware access<p>
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The following pseudo variables declared in the <tt/atmos.h/ header file do allow
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access to hardware located in the address space. Some variables are
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structures, accessing the struct fields will access the chip registers.
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<descrip>
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<tag><tt/VIA/</tag>
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Access to the VIA (versatile interface adapter) chip is available via the
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<tt/VIA/ variable. The structure behind this variable is explained in <tt/_6522.h/.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect>Loadable drivers<p>
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<em>Note:</em> Since the Atmos doesn't have working disk I/O
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(see <ref id="limitations" name="section "Limitations"">), the
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available drivers cannot be loaded at runtime (so the term "loadable drivers"
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is somewhat misleading). Instead, the drivers have to be converted using the
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<htmlurl url="co65.html" name="co65 utility"> and statically linked. While
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this may seem overhead, it has two advantages:
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<enum>
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<item>The interface is identical to the one used for other platforms
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and to the one for the Atmos once it has disk I/O.
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<item>Once disk I/O is available, existing code can be changed to load drivers
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at runtime with almost no effort.
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</enum>
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<sect1>Graphics drivers<p>
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<descrip>
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<tag><tt/atmos-240-200-2.tgi/</tag>
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This driver was written by Stefan Haubenthal. It features a resolution of
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240×200 with 2 colors.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect1>Extended memory drivers<p>
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No extended memory drivers are currently available for the Atmos.
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<!--<sect1>Joystick drivers<p>
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<descrip>
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<tag><tt/atmos-pase.joy/</tag>
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Supports two standard joystick connected to the P.A.S.E. interface of the Atmos.
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</descrip><p>-->
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<sect1>Mouse drivers<p>
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No mouse drivers are currently available for the Atmos.
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<sect1>RS232 device drivers<p>
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No serial drivers are currently available for the Atmos.
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<sect>Limitations<label id="limitations"><p>
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<sect1>Disk I/O<p>
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The existing library for the Atmos doesn't implement C file
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I/O. There is one hack for the <tt/write()/ routine in
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place, which will make functions work that write to <tt/stdout/
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(like <tt/printf()/). However, this function has some shortcomings which
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won't be fixed, because it's going to be replaced anyway.
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To be more concrete, this limitation means that you cannot use any of the
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following functions (and a few others):
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<itemize>
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<item>fclose
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<item>fopen
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<item>fread
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<item>fprintf
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<item>fputc
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<item>fscanf
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<item>fwrite
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<item>...
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</itemize>
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<sect>Other hints<p>
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<!--<sect1>Passing arguments to the program<p>
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Command line arguments can be passed to <tt/main()/. Since this is not
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supported by BASIC, the following syntax was chosen:
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<tscreen><verb>
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CALL#500:REM,ARG1," ARG2", ARG 3,, ARG5, ...
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</verb></tscreen>
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<enum>
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<item>Arguments are separated by spaces.
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<item>Arguments may be quoted.
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<item>Leading and trailing spaces around an argument are ignored. Spaces within
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a quoted argument are allowed.
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<item>The first argument passed to <tt/main/ is the program name.
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<item>A maximum number of 10 arguments (including the program name) are
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supported.
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</enum>-->
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<sect1>Interrupts<p>
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The runtime for the Atmos uses routines marked as <tt/.CONDES/ type 2 for
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interrupt handlers. Such routines must be written as simple machine language
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subroutines and will be called automatically by the interrupt handler code
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when they are linked into a program. See the discussion of the <tt/.CONDES/
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feature in the <htmlurl url="ca65.html" name="assembler manual">.
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<sect>Bugs/Feedback<p>
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If you have problems using the library, if you find any bugs, or if you're
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doing something interesting with it, I would be glad to hear from you. Feel
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free to contact me by email (<htmlurl url="mailto:uz@cc65.org"
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name="uz@cc65.org">).
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<sect>License<p>
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This software is provided 'as-is', without any expressed or implied
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warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
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arising from the use of this software.
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Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
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including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
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freely, subject to the following restrictions:
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<enum>
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<item> The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
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claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
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in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
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appreciated but is not required.
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<item> Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
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be misrepresented as being the original software.
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<item> This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
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distribution.
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</enum>
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</article>
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@ -94,6 +94,9 @@ Main documentation page, contains links to other available stuff.
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<tag><htmlurl url="atari.html" name="atari.html"></tag>
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Topics specific to the Atari 8 bit machines.
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<tag><htmlurl url="atmos.html" name="atmos.html"></tag>
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Topics specific to the Oric Atmos.
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<tag><htmlurl url="c128.html" name="c128.html"></tag>
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Topics specific to the Commodore 128.
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@ -109,6 +112,9 @@ Main documentation page, contains links to other available stuff.
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<tag><htmlurl url="lynx.html" name="lynx.html"></tag>
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Topics specific to the Atari Lynx Game Console.
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<tag><htmlurl url="nes.html" name="nes.html"></tag>
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Topics specific to the Nintendo Entertainment System.
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<tag><htmlurl url="pet.html" name="pet.html"></tag>
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Topics specific to the Commodore PET machines.
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182
doc/nes.sgml
Normal file
182
doc/nes.sgml
Normal file
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<!doctype linuxdoc system>
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<article>
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<title>Nintendo Entertainment System specific information for cc65
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<author>Ullrich von Bassewitz, <htmlurl url="mailto:uz@cc65.org" name="uz@cc65.org">
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Stefan A. Haubenthal, <htmlurl url="mailto:polluks@sdf.lonestar.org" name="polluks@sdf.lonestar.org">
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<date>2005-07-17
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<abstract>
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An overview over the NES runtime system as it is implemented for the
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cc65 C compiler.
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</abstract>
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<!-- Table of contents -->
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<toc>
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<!-- Begin the document -->
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<sect>Overview<p>
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This file contains an overview of the NES runtime system as it comes
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with the cc65 C compiler. It describes the memory layout, NES specific header
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files, available drivers, and any pitfalls specific to that platform.
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Please note that NES specific functions are just mentioned here, they are
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described in detail in the separate <htmlurl url="funcref.html" name="function
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reference">. Even functions marked as "platform dependent" may be available on
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more than one platform. Please see the function reference for more
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information.
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<sect>Binary format<p>
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The standard binary output format generated by the linker for the NES target
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is a machine language program with an INES cartridge header. It is of course
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possible to change this behaviour by using a modified startup file and linker
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config.
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<sect>Memory layout<p>
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cc65 generated programs with the default setup run with the I/O area and a
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CHR bank enabled, which gives a usable memory range of $8000 - $FFF3.
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All boot ROM entry points may be called directly without additional code.
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Special locations:
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<descrip>
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<tag/Text screen/
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The text screen is located at VRAM $2000.
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<tag/Stack/
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The C runtime stack is located at $7FFF and growing downwards.
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<tag/Heap/
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The C heap is located at the end of the program and grows towards the C
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runtime stack.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect>Platform specific header files<p>
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Programs containing NES specific code may use the <tt/nes.h/ header file.
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<sect1>NES specific functions<p>
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<itemize>
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<item>waitvblank
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</itemize>
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<sect1>Hardware access<p>
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The following pseudo variables declared in the <tt/nes.inc/ include file do
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allow access to hardware located in the address space.
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<descrip>
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<tag><tt/PPU/</tag>
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The <tt/PPU/ defines allow access to the PPU chip.
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<tag><tt/APU/</tag>
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The <tt/APU/ defines allow access to the APU chip.
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</descrip><p>
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<sect>Loadable drivers<p>
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<sect1>Graphics drivers<p>
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No graphics drivers are currently available for the NES.
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<sect1>Extended memory drivers<p>
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No extended memory drivers are currently available for the NES.
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<sect1>Joystick drivers<p>
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A joystick driver for the standard buttons is available, but must be
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statically linked, because no file I/O is available. See the documentation for
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the <htmlurl url="co65.html" name="co65 utility"> for information on how to do
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that.
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<sect1>Mouse drivers<p>
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No mouse drivers are currently available for the NES.
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<sect1>RS232 device drivers<p>
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No serial drivers are currently available for the NES.
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<sect>Limitations<p>
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<sect1>Disk I/O<p>
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The existing library for the NES doesn't implement C file
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I/O. There are no hacks for the <tt/read()/ and <tt/write()/ routines.
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To be more concrete, this limitation means that you cannot use any of the
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following functions (and a few others):
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<itemize>
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<item>fclose
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<item>fopen
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<item>fread
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<item>fprintf
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<item>fputc
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<item>fscanf
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<item>fwrite
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<item>...
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</itemize>
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<sect>Other hints<p>
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|
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<sect>Bugs/Feedback<p>
|
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|
||||
If you have problems using the library, if you find any bugs, or if you're
|
||||
doing something interesting with it, I would be glad to hear from you. Feel
|
||||
free to contact me by email (<htmlurl url="mailto:uz@cc65.org"
|
||||
name="uz@cc65.org">).
|
||||
|
||||
|
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|
||||
<sect>License<p>
|
||||
|
||||
This software is provided 'as-is', without any expressed or implied
|
||||
warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
|
||||
arising from the use of this software.
|
||||
|
||||
Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
|
||||
including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
|
||||
freely, subject to the following restrictions:
|
||||
|
||||
<enum>
|
||||
<item> The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
|
||||
claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
|
||||
in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
|
||||
appreciated but is not required.
|
||||
<item> Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
|
||||
be misrepresented as being the original software.
|
||||
<item> This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
|
||||
distribution.
|
||||
</enum>
|
||||
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
|
||||
|
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|
Loading…
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Reference in a new issue